Glaucoma Testing & Treatment

Identifying Risk Factors

• Age over 60
• Hispanic, Latino, or Asian descent
• African Americans over 40 (6-8 times more common than in Caucasians)
• Family history of glaucoma
• Diabetics
• Severe nearsightedness
• Certain medications (e.g., steroids)
• Significant eye injury

Understanding Glaucoma

Types of Glaucoma:

• Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (POAG): Progresses gradually without noticeable symptoms initially.
• Normal-Tension Glaucoma: Intraocular pressure remains normal, linked to insufficient blood flow to the optic nerve.
• Angle-Closure Glaucoma: Sudden symptoms include blurred vision, halos, eye pain – a medical emergency requiring immediate attention.
• Congenital Glaucoma: Present at birth, diagnosed early with symptoms like excessive tearing or haziness.
• Secondary Glaucomas: Resulting from surgeries, injuries, or medical conditions like cataracts, tumors, or uveitis, secondary glaucomas demand vigilant management.

Pigmentary Glaucoma: A rare form where pigment shedding from the iris obstructs fluid drainage, causing inflammation.

Diagnosis and Treatment

• Detecting Glaucoma: Regular eye exams, including glaucoma screening, are vital, especially for those at risk. Various tests, such as tonometry, visual field tests, and retina testing, aid in diagnosis.
• Treating Glaucoma: Treatment options range from medications to surgery, depending on the type and severity. Medications aim to lower IOP, and surgical procedures enhance fluid drainage or reduce fluid production.
• Prevention: Early detection is key, making regular eye exams crucial. The best prevention is staying informed about your risks and taking proactive steps for eye health.